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To find articles of interest click your way through categories and sub-categories, navigating the subject hierarchy created by Muslim Heritage editors. Alternatively you can enter key words into the Search box. All articles related to chosen topic will then appear in the main window. Read the synopsis to find out if the article in each of the categories interests you and click on the title to view the full text.

5. The last Muslim power in Spain
By: Omar Mubaidin, Tue 19 February, 2008
The following timeline presents a survey of Muslim presence in Europe from the 7th century CE until the 20th century. It lists the various and different contacts that shaped the relations of Muslims with Western Europe and gave rise to perceptions and labels of Muslims in the West during several centuries. These relations were various: religious, military, diplomatic, through trade and commerce, by intellectual exchanges in different domains. It is by thinking about these events of the past that we can understand the actual state of complexity of the relationships between these two major components of our world.


4. Post Caliphal Spain through the Reconquista
By: Omar Mubaidin, Tue 19 February, 2008
The following timeline presents a survey of Muslim presence in Europe from the 7th century CE until the 20th century. It lists the various and different contacts that shaped the relations of Muslims with Western Europe and gave rise to perceptions and labels of Muslims in the West during several centuries. These relations were various: religious, military, diplomatic, through trade and commerce, by intellectual exchanges in different domains. It is by thinking about these events of the past that we can understand the actual state of complexity of the relationships between these two major components of our world.


3. Andalusian caliphate
By: Omar Mubaidin, Tue 19 February, 2008
The following timeline presents a survey of Muslim presence in Europe from the 7th century CE until the 20th century. It lists the various and different contacts that shaped the relations of Muslims with Western Europe and gave rise to perceptions and labels of Muslims in the West during several centuries. These relations were various: religious, military, diplomatic, through trade and commerce, by intellectual exchanges in different domains. It is by thinking about these events of the past that we can understand the actual state of complexity of the relationships between these two major components of our world.


2. Conquest of Spain and campaigns into France
By: Omar Mubaidin, Tue 19 February, 2008
The following timeline presents a survey of Muslim presence in Europe from the 7th century CE until the 20th century. It lists the various and different contacts that shaped the relations of Muslims with Western Europe and gave rise to perceptions and labels of Muslims in the West during several centuries. These relations were various: religious, military, diplomatic, through trade and commerce, by intellectual exchanges in different domains. It is by thinking about these events of the past that we can understand the actual state of complexity of the relationships between these two major components of our world.


The Appreciation of Arabic Science and Technology in the Middle Ages
By: Prof. Charles Burnett, Wed 16 May, 2007
This article describes the appreciation of Arabic science and technology in the Middle Ages through the example of Adelard of Bath, an English scholar of the early 12th century, one of the first scholars that personify Arabic-Latin intercultural transmission that paved the way to the introduction of Arabic learning in premodern Europe.


Scientific Contacts and Influences Between the Islamic World and Europe: The Case of Astronomy
By: FSTC Limited, Thu 25 January, 2007
For more than a thousand years the Muslim East and the Christian West, notwithstanding the differences in matters of creed, ideology and social traditions and the intervening opposition of defenders of orthodoxy on both sides, cultivated science in mutual contact.


Distortions in Western Science
By: FSTC Limited, Fri 01 November, 2002
The centuries termed as the 'Dark Ages' are the missing centuries in history. It is not as one would think that there is nothing about such centuries; as that is far from the truth.


The fallacy of the 'Dark Ages'
By: FSTC Limited, Fri 01 November, 2002
There is a major fallacy in the concept of the 'Dark Ages'. That period coincides exactly with the Muslim apogee. In the midst of Europe's darkness, almost immediately after the fall of the Roman Empire, the Muslim civilisation came into being.


Contrast between Islamic and Western Science
By: FSTC Limited, Sun 01 September, 2002
The crucial, most fundamental, difference between Islamic and secular Western science is that Islam and Muslim Civilisation both reached their apogee in the same centuries.




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